If someone is graduating today and afraid of AI making them obsolete, how should they choose an industry and build a career?

Three things. First, take everything I say with a pinch of salt because nobody knows the answer. Second, lower your expectations. We are entering the mother of all storms. The number of opportunities will be lower than what the previous generation experienced and you need to set your mind to expect that. Third, focus on expanding your boundaries of logic and reason. Develop curiosity, experimentation, and the ability to apply knowledge. That is more important than which industry you enter. As for the industry, go into the industry itself, not consulting. The most exciting things are happening inside companies and wherever you land, your job is to become the transformer. It matters less where you start and more what you do when you get there.